It's been a while since I wrote TGO, Lesson 1. Obviously, I am out painting in the summer sun and not inside writing down what I've learned. OK, OK...That's not true. Truth is, I'm not painting much at all this summer because I'm too busy being a mom. I have been doing a fair amount of gardening along with wild berry picking and canning. My summer yield has been lots and lots of fresh, homegrown produce, but very few plein air paintings. Poo.
I have been out painting a few times and I have been reading a wonderful book by John F. Carlson entitled,
Carlson's Guide to Landscape Painting. It was recommended to me by the great artist
Phil Starke, and then gifted to me by my dear friend and fellow artist, Paulette Kucera.
The Four Planes
This little article is a summary of Carlson's thoughts on the four planes in an ordinary landscape. He stresses that this is not a formula, nor a rule, but a guideline for practical application under usual outdoor painting circumstances. I have discovered that the knowledge of this little idea of the
four planes has helped me tremendously! So here I share with you...
1) The sky plane: the lightest plane in value, even lighter in value on an overcast day than on a clear day
2) The flat plane: the ground, second lightest in value, a mid value range of color generally more yellow than the upright planes
3) The upright plane: trees and bushes receiving the least amount of light and representing the darkest values
4) The slanted plane: hills and mountains lighter than the upright planes and cooler in color temperature than the flat planes
Carlson emphasizes that each plane should be quickly blocked in at the beginning of a
plein air painting and once the masses have been painted correctly, then they should be broken up with color variation and details that do not disrupt the basic values of each shape.
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| Big Horns Sketch ~ 6" x 8" ~ Oil |
In this
plein air painting, I think I broke up the upright plane (the tree) with too many light values. To the novice outdoor painter (me), highlights on leaves tend to read more intense at first glance than they really are. This tree would appear more accurate if I had painted none of the highlights and simply left the darker green massed in with no detail. Also, the little sliver of foreground, the flat plane, should have been painted with more intense color and a slightly darker value than the middle section of the painting which also represents a flat plane. These tweaks would have delivered more depth to this sketch. Other than that, I like it.
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| Big Horns Sketch ~ 6" x 4" ~ Oil |
I really liked this tiny painting. It was fun to do. I tried to paint each plane with one or two big brush strokes just for fun. I restrained my tendency to break up each plane with too many details. One thing that would have made this painting have more accurate depth is to have painted the upright planes (the trees and bushes) a more intense green and darker in value than the distant mountains.
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| Big Horns Sketch ~ 10" x 10" ~ Oil |
This painting was a real challenge (sorry for the blurry photo). Each plane of the rolling hills presented a slight color and value shift. The sliver of foreground at the bottom was a field of mint colored grasses and although I painted it with accuracy, I should have used my brains and pushed it lighter in value and more yellow in color. That would have helped the depth of field read better. Also, again I broke up the mass of the tree with too many lighter values, therefore disrupting the upright plane a little. Overall, I was pleased with my attempt and I think I might repaint this one larger this winter when I am stuck inside.
Of note, not all outdoor compositions include all four planes. In fact, removing one or two planes can be very effective. In my painting,
Piney Creek Dreaming, only the flat and upright planes are depicted. Also, this painting displays a variation in the generality of the upright planes being darkest in value. Those beautiful quaking aspens really glow against the muted greens surrounding them.
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"Piney Creek Dreaming"
20" x 24" ~ Oil on canvas |
In the next TGO article, I will write about painting
en plein air using just three colors plus white. This tip was taught to me by
Phil Starke and it has been a lifesaver in the field. Stay tuned!